Bioactive peptides are the general term for different peptides ranging from dipeptides to complex linear and cyclic structures composed of 20 natural amino acids in different compositions and arrangements, and are multifunctional compounds derived from proteins. Bioactive peptides have a variety of human metabolism and physiological regulation functions, are easy to digest and absorb, and have the functions of promoting immunity, hormone regulation, antibacterial, antiviral, lowering blood pressure, and lowering blood lipids. They are currently the most popular research topics in the international food industry. Functional Factors of Development Prospects

Overview

Modern nutritional studies have found that most of human ingested proteins are digested and absorbed in the form of oligopeptides after the action of enzymes in the digestive tract, and a small proportion of them are absorbed in the form of free amino acids. Further experiments revealed that peptides were digested faster and absorbed more than free amino acids, indicating that the biological potency and nutritional value of peptides were higher than free amino acids. This is also the infinite charm of active peptides.

Bioactive peptides are peptide compounds that are beneficial to the life activities of living organisms or have physiological effects. Its molecular structure varies in complexity. It is a molecular polymer between amino acids and proteins, ranging from as small as two amino acids to as large as dozens of amino acids connected by peptide bonds, and these polypeptides can be phosphorylated. , glycosylation or acylation to be modified [2].

Bioactive peptides have a variety of physiological functions, such as hormone action, immune regulation, antithrombotic, antihypertensive, cholesterol lowering, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer effects, etc. [3]. These functions are unique physiological functions that the original protein or constituent amino acids do not possess, and the constituent amino acids of many active peptides are not necessarily essential amino acids. Resource utilization provides new opportunities and is currently the most popular research topic in the international food industry and a functional factor with great development prospects. At the end of the 20th century, while deciphering the secrets of genes, scientists were also very interested in the study of another kind of wonderful substances that exist in living organisms. Such substances are biologically active peptides, or functional peptides, which are composed of amino acids and are small-molecule proteins, such as insulin, which is a polypeptide. Another example is CCP, which is widely used in Japan to promote calcium absorption. It is all the rage in Europe and the United States. The growth-promoting HGH….

Classification

The classification of biologically active peptides can be divided according to health functions. According to the function, it can be divided into physiologically active peptides, food sensory peptides and so on.

Development

In the research and development of bioactive peptides in China, the research units engaged in active peptides are mostly from the perspective of medicine, and the research strength and investment are less, which limits the play of the dual-purpose function of active peptides. Domestic active peptide drugs and Food is scarce. However, in recent years, the research has gradually become active, the reports are increasing, and the prospects are promising. The current research and development directions of bioactive peptides are: ① discovery of new active peptides, especially the discovery and structure analysis, activity research of natural active peptides in many non-edible biological resources; ② development of directional enzymatic hydrolysis technology for preparing active peptides from proteins, including Breeding of high-efficiency and specific enzyme-producing strains, joint action mechanism and mechanism research of compound enzymes, improvement of enzymatic hydrolysis technology, etc.; ③Separation, purification and mechanism research of debittering microorganisms, etc.; ④Isolation of functional peptides , Development of analytical technology, including new and efficient separation equipment and separation process, high-sensitivity, simple and easy target peptide activity analysis detection system and analytical technology; ⑤ Functional biological evaluation of peptides; Food development [2]; ⑦ Research on factors involved in regulating the absorption of bioactive peptides; ⑧ Engineering research on low-cost, high-purity, and mass production of bioactive peptides; ⑨ Application research on bioengineering technology in the preparation of active peptides, such as Protein engineering, enzyme engineering, genetic engineering, cell culture technology, etc.